高中英语选修八重点知识点

2020-05-051550

高中英语选修八重点知识1

①课内高频词汇

1.means (n.) 方法;手段→meaning (n.) 意思→mean (v.) 打算;意味→meaningful (adj.) 有意义的

2.boom (n.) (人口、贸易的)繁荣 (vi.) 处于迅速发展时期

3.majority (n.) 大多数;大半→major (adj.) 主要的 (v.) 主修→minority (n.) (反义词) 少数;少数民族→minor (adj.) 较小的;次要的

4.distinct (adj.) 清晰的;明显的;明确的→distinction (n.) 差别;区分;卓著

5.indicate (vt.) 指出;标示;表明;暗示→indication (n.) 象征;标示;表明;暗示

6.racial (adj.) 人种的;种族的→race (n.) 种族;比赛→racism (n.) 种族主义;种族歧视

7.elect (vt.) 选择;决定做某事;选举某人→election (n.) 选举

8.appear (v.) 看上去;出现→apparent (adj.) 显而易见的;显然的;表面上的→apparently (adv.) 显然地;显而易见地

9.applicant (n.) 申请人→apply (vi.) 申请→application (n.) 申请书;申请

10.society (n.) 社会→social (adj.) 社会的→socialism (n.) 社会主义→socialist (n.) 社会主义者

11.punish (vt.) 惩罚→punishment (n.) 惩罚

12.occur (vi.) 发生;出现→occurence (n.) 事件;发生的事→occurred (过去式/过去分词)

13.luggage (n.) 行李→(近义词)baggage (n.) 行李;超重行李

14.hire (vt.&n.)租用;雇用→(反义词)fire (vt.) 解雇

15.customs (n.) 海关;关税;进口税→custom (n.) 风俗;习惯 →customer (n.) 顾客;主顾

16.slip (vi.) 滑动;滑行;滑跤 (n.) 滑动;滑倒→slipper (n.) 拖鞋→slippery (adj.) 滑的

②重点短语

1.by_means_of　　用……方法;借助……

2.keep_up 坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)

3.team_up_with 与……合作或一起工作

4.take_in 包括;吸收

5.live_on 继续存在

6.make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等

7.apply_for 申请;请示得到

8.back_to_back 背靠背

9.mark_out 画线;标出……界线

10.a_great_many 许多

③课内重点句型汇总

1.it is likely that...“很可能……”

However, it_is_likely_that (很可能)Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.

2.why引导的表语从句，表示“……的原因”

That_is_why(那就是为什么)today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.

3.过去分词作原因状语(必修五学习过的重点内容，需要加强巩固)

People from different parts of the world, attracted_by (被吸引)the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California.

4.名词性从句作介词的宾语

Exactly when the first people arrived in what_we_now_know_as (我们现在称之为) California, no one really knows.

5.it作形式主语的主语从句

It_is_believed_that (人们认为)before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.

高中英语选修八重点知识2

课内高频词汇

1.differ(vi.) 不同;相异→difference(n.) 不同;差异→different(adj.) 不同的

2.exact(adj.) 精确的;准确的→exactly(adv.) 精确地;准确地

3.undertake(vt.) 着手;从事;承担→undertook(过去式)→undertaken (过去分词)→undertaking (n.) 任务;项目;事业

4.regulation(n.) 规则;规章;法规→regular(adj.) 规则的;有规律的

5.cast(vt.) 扔;投;掷→cast(过去式/过去分词)

6.altogether(adv.) 总共;完全地

7.object(vi.) 反对;不赞成→objection(n.) 不赞成;反对;异议

8.moral(adj.) 道德(上)的;伦理的→morally(adv.) 道德上地;伦理上地

9.accumulate(vt. & vi.) 积累;聚积→accumulation(n.) 积累;聚积

10.assumption(n.) 假定;设想→assume(vt.) 假定;设想

11.shortly(adv.) 立刻;不久

12.retire(vi.) 退休;离开→retirement(n.) 退休，退职;退役→retired(adj.) 退休的;离职的

13.bother(vt.) 打扰(vi.) 操心(n.) 烦扰

14.resist(vt.) 抵抗;对抗→resistance(n.) 抵抗力;反抗→resistant(adj.) 有抵抗力的;耐……的

15.obtain(vt.) 获得;赢得→obtainable(adj.) 可获得的;可得到的

16.reason(n.) 理由;原因→reasonable(adj.) 合情理的;讲道理的;公道的→unreasonable(adj.) (反义词)不合情理的

17.fair(adj.) 公平的;适当的;合理的→fairness(n.) 公平→fairly(adv.) 公平地;相当地

02重点短语

1.pay_off　　得到好结果;取得成功;偿清

2.cast_down 沮丧;不愉快

3.have_a_great_impact_on 对……有重大影响

4.object_to 反对

5.in_favor_of 赞成;支持

6.owe..._to_ 把……归功于……

7.(be)_bound_to_(do) 一定或注定(做)……

8.strike...into_one's_heart 使……刻骨铭心

9.from_time_to_time 不时;偶尔

10.bring...back_to_life 使复生;使复活

11.in_vain 白费力气;枉费心机

12.in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)

03课内重点句型汇总

1.while表对比关系，“然而;可是”

Cloning plants is straightforward while(然而)cloning animals is very complicated.

2.当now，then位于句首，谓语是come，appear等时，主句完全倒装。(小伙伴们记得去回顾一下必修五的倒装句)that引导同位语从句

Then_came(传来)the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.

3.Theadvantage is that...“其优点是……”，that引导表语从句

The_advantage_is_that(优点是)if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others willsurvive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.

4.based on...“建立在……的基础之上”，过去分词作状语

Based_on(建立在……基础之上)what we know now, you can not clone animals that have been extinct longer than10,000 years.

高中英语选修八重点知识3

课内高频词汇

1.distinguish(vi.&vt.) 显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别→distinguished(adj.)杰出的;著名的

2.passive(adj.) 被动的;消极的;被动语态的→activeadj.(反义词)积极的

3.seize(vt.) 抓住;捉住;夺

4.freezing(adj.) 冰冻的;严寒的→frozen(adj.) 冷冻的;结冰的

5.bear(vt.) 忍受;忍耐;负担→bore(过去式)→born (过去分词)

6.tap(vt.&vi.) 轻打;轻拍;轻敲(n.) 轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头

7.practical(adj.) 实际的;实践的;实用的→practise(v.) 练习→practice(n.) 练习，实践

8.merciful(adj.) 宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→mercy(n.)宽大;仁慈

9.convenient(adj.) 便利的;方便的;就近的→convenience(n.) 便利;方便→inconvenient(adj.) (反义词)不方便的;引起麻烦的

10.caution(n.) 小心;谨慎→cautious(adj.) 小心的;谨慎的→cautiously(adv.) 小心地;谨慎地

11.expectation(n.) 预料;期待;期望→expect(v.) 预料;期待;期望;认为→unexpected(adj.) 未预料到的

12.innocent(adj.) 清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence(n.) 天真;清白

13.associate(vt.) 联想;联系(n.) 同伴;伙伴→association(n.) 协会;社团;联合;联想

14.current(n.)(水或气)流;电流(adj.)现在的;当前的→currently(adv.)现时;当前;普遍地→currency(n.)流行;通货;货币;通用

02

0

重点短语

1.call_up　　给……打电话

2.set_about 开始;着手

3.dive_into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入

4.set_out_(to_do) 开始(做)

5.get_through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过

6.now_and_then 偶尔;有时

7.hang_on 不挂断;紧紧握住;稍等

8.out_of_order 次序颠倒;发生故障

9.ring_back 回复电话

10.ring_off 挂断电话

课内重点句型汇总

1.thereseems to be...“好像有……”

Thefirst thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, butthere_only_seemed_to_be (看来只有)powders designed to kill snakes.

2.“only+状语从句”引起的倒装

Only_after_you_have_had_that_recognition(只有在已得到这种认可之后) can you say that you are truly an inventor.

3.nor...until...“直到……才……”

Nor_will_you_receive_a_patent_until(你才能获得专利，直到) a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else's.

4.It'sa matter of...“这是……的问题”

Nowit's_a_matter_of(只是)waiting and hoping.

5.everytime“每次……”引导时间状语从句

Every_time(每次)you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.

6.祈使句+and/or+陈述句

Follow_it_up(跟随它)，explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.

高中英语选修八重点知识4

1课内高频词汇

1.outcome(n.) 结果;效果

2.remark(n.) 谈论;言论;评述(vt.&vi.) 谈论;评论;说起→remarkable(adj.) 显著的;引起注意的

3.betray(vt.) 显露出(本来面目);背叛→betrayal(n.) 背叛

4.shabby(adj.) 破旧的;寒酸的

5.acquaintance(n.) 相识;了解;熟人→acquaint(v.) 认识

6.status(n.) 身份;地位;职位→(形近词)statue(n.) 雕像

7.rob(vt.) 抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery(n.) 抢劫(行为)

8.compromise(n.&vi.) 妥协;折衷→compromising(adj.)有失体面的;不宜泄露的

9.overlook(vt.) 俯视;忽视;不理会

10.fade(vi.&vt.) (使)褪色;减弱;逐渐消失

11.hesitate(vi.) 犹豫;踌躇→hesitation(n.) 犹豫;踌躇

12.fortune(n.) 机会;运气;大笔的钱→fortunate(adj.) 幸运的→fortunately(adv.) 幸运地;幸好

13.disgusting(adj.) 使人反感的;令人厌恶的→disgusted(adj.)感到厌恶的→disgust(vt.) 厌恶;嫌恶

14.classify(vt.) 分类;编排→classification(n.) 分类;编排→classified(adj.) 分类的;保密的

15.effective(adj.) 有效的→effect(n.) 效果;作用

16.horrible(adj.) 可怕的;恐怖的→horror(n.) 恐怖

17.uncomfortable(adj.) 不舒服的;不安的→uncomfortably(adv.) 不舒服地;不安地→comfort(n.) 舒适(vt.) 安慰→comfortable(adj.) (反义词)舒服的

18.extraordinary(adj.) 不同寻常的;非凡的→ordinary(adj.) 普通的;一般的

19.mistaken(adj.) (见解或判断上)错误的;不正确的→mistake(v.)弄错(n.) 错误

20.adaptation(n.) 适应(性);改编本→adapt(v.) 适应;改编

2重点短语

1.in_disguise　　伪装(的);假扮(的)

2.pass...off_as... (把某人)改变或冒充成……

3.make_one's_acquaintance 结识;与……相见

4.generally_speaking 一般来说

5.in_terms_of 就……来说;从……角度

6.rob_sb._of_sth. 抢劫某人某物

7.show...in 带或领……进来

8.once_more 再一次

9.in_need_of 需要……

10.fade_out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊;渐淡

11.in_amazement 震惊地;惊讶地

12.be_superior_to... 优于……

13.a_handful_of 一把;几个

14.shelter_from_rain 避雨

15.the_other_day 几天前;那一天

16.fancy_oneself 自以为是

3重点句型

1.“while/when+现在分词”作时间状语

While_watching(一边看),he makes notes.

2.“be of+抽象名词”表示具有(某种特征或属性)的

Willthat be_of_any_use (有用处)toyou?

3.what if句式，“如果……又怎么样呢”

What_if_I_was(如果我是又怎么样呢)?

4.every time 引导时间状语从句，“每当……的时候”

But they betray themselves every_time_they_open_their_mouths(每当张嘴的时候).

5.“once+过去分词”的省略结构

But,sir, (proudly) once_educated(一旦被教育)to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.

6.形容词(短语)作状语

Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep_in_conversation(深入的交谈).

7.“if+had done，主句用would have done”表示对过去的虚拟(选修六的虚拟语气需要小伙伴自己去回顾)

I'd_never_have_come_if_I'd_known_about(如果我知道……我是不会来的)this disgusting thing you want me to do...

4单元语法总结

复习过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义，此时相当于一个状语从句。

1.时间状语

When he was told his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.(用分词改写)

→Told his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.

2.原因状语

As they were encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

→Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

3.条件状语

If he is given another chance, he will do better.

→Given another chance, he will do better.

4.让步状语

Although he was laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

→Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

5.方式或伴随状语

She walked out of the house and she was followed by her little daughter.

→She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.

分词作状语有时可在前面加上when, while, if, once, though, unless等，以明确作何种状语。

Unless he is invited, he won't go to the party.

→Unless invited, he won't go to theparty.

当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，分词可以有自己独立的主语，二者构成独立主格结构。

When our homework was finished, we went home.

→Our homework finished, we went home.

高中英语选修八重点知识5

课内高频词汇

1.alternative(n.) 可能的选择(adj.) 供选择的;其他的

2.interrupt(vt.&vi.) 打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止

3.acute(adj.) 有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的

4.assume(vt.) 假定;设想;承担→assumption(n.) 假定

5.significance(n.) 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义→significant(adj.) 重要的6.somehow(adv.) 以……方式;不知怎么地

7.delete(vt.) 删;删除

8.applaud(vi.&vt.) 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏→applause(n.) 鼓掌

9.accelerate(vi.&vt.) 加速;促进→acceleration(n.) 加速

10.arrest(vt.) 逮捕;吸引(n.) 逮捕;拘留→arresting(adj.) 引人注意的;很有吸引力的

11.starvation(n.) 挨饿;饿死→starve(vi.) 挨饿;饿死

12.accuracy(n.) 精确;准确→accurate(adj.) 准确的;精确的

13.messy(adj.) 凌乱的;脏的→mess(n.) 凌乱;脏

14.sharpen(vi.&vt.) (使)锋利;尖锐;清晰→sharp(adj.) 锋利的;尖锐的→sharpener(n.) 磨具;削具

15.division(n.) 分割;划分;分配;分界线→divide(vt.) 划分;隔开;分割

16.ripe(adj.) 成熟的→ripen(v.) 使……成熟;成熟

17.receptionist(n.) 接待员;招待员→receive(v.) 收到;接待→reception(n.) 接待处;欢迎

18.systematic(adj.)有系统的;有计划的;有条理的→system(n.)系统;体系19.analysis(n.) (pl.analyses)分析→analyse(vt.)分析;分解

2

重点短语

1.regardless_of不管;不顾

2.at_most 至多;最多

3.cut_up 切碎

4.be_fed_up_with 受够了;饱受;厌烦

5.look_ahead 向前看;为将来打算

6.date_back_to 追溯到……

7.arrest_sb._for... 因……而逮捕某人

8.with_relief 欣慰地;轻松地

9.be_proud_of 以……为骄傲

10.turn_to_sb._for_help 向某人求助

11.keep_out 阻止进入

12.have_no_alternative_but_to_do... 别无选择;只好……

3

重点句型

1.Itseems (to sb.) that...“(对某人来说)似乎……”

It_seems_that(看起来似乎) they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.

2.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的内容，意为“正如;正像”

Yes,indeed, as_the_botanical_analyses_have_shown_us(正如植物学的分析结果已经向我们展示的), all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.

3.if only 常引导虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句，表示“要是……就好了”

If_only(要是……就好了)it could be just like last year!

4.“had+过去分词...when...”表示“刚刚……这时……”

She had_almost_reached (就要到达)her destination when(这时)a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.

5.only to do表示意想不到的或令人失望的结果，意思是“结果却……”

Abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_up (结果却被……搂了起来)by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.

单元语法总结

复习动词时态：现在完成进行时

现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在或离现在不远的时间，其动作是否持续下去，则由上下文决定。

(1)叙述某一动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，仍在继续之中或刚刚停止。常与for,since, all morning/day/week等状语连用。

The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why doesn't someone answer it?

(2)表示重复的动作。有时现在完成进行时表示的动作并不是一直不停地进行，而是在断断续续的重复。

—We've spent too much money recently.

—Well,it isn't surprising. Our friends and relatives have been coming around all the time.

(3)表示“刚才、近来”发生的动作，一般不再继续，此时一般通过上下文语境来判断。

She has been sweeping the street allday. She is too tired.

(4)带有浓重的感情色彩，强调持续了“那么久”或做得“那么辛苦”。