高考英语完形填空快速提分的方法

2022-04-241900

高考英语完形填空快速提分的方法

做完形填空的时候，一般两种状态：

1、连蒙带猜最后发现错一片;

2、感觉自己读懂了咔咔选一对答案发现还是错一片

完形填空20个空算多的，所以经常造成错误率太高，今天分享一些技巧来帮助大家救救场，提高你完形填空的准确率。

1. 跳读首尾句进行预测

一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。

首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。

Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.

本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想Evelyn Glennie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。

2. 利用语法分析解题

完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：

___8___ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.

A. Because B. While C. If D. Since

【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用 if 引导。

3. 利用固定搭配解题

完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。如：

They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ___12___ baths.

A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered

【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意为“洗澡”。

4. 利用固定句型解题

完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，但同时也会考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好这些句型，对确定题目的答案很有帮助。如：

It wasn’t long ___18___the police caught the thief.

A. after B. when C. before D. until

【解析】It wasn’t long before…是常用句型，意为“不久就……”。这里说的是不久警察就把小偷捉到了。

5. 利用复现信息解题

语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如：

I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ___44___, dressed neatly.

A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion

【解析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。

6. 利用跳读法解题

一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。对于这类空格考生可以先将其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题时循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。如：

“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He___1___ up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of___2___ stood quietly watching us. One of them ___3___ walking toward us. We both jumped to our ___4___ not knowing what to expect.

1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put

2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants

3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired

4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet

【解析】在通读全文的第一遍中，我们可以很容易地将第四空填出来，这是固定搭配jump to one’s feet (跳起来);由此也可推出第三空的答案，因为有人开始向“我们”走了过来，所以“我们”才跳了起来;再根据第一空前面的wide-awake可知，此处指的应该是“我和Josh完全清醒，坐起来，环顾四周”，所以第一空的答案为A;最后，根据句首Visitors可推知第二空的答案为B。

7. 巧用排除法解题

在有些情况下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案，可以把排除法和词汇、语法分析结合起来运用，缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。如：

The woman looked carefully at me ___5___ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice.

A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again

【解析】这篇文章讲述的是没有工作经验的作者找到工作的故事。此题的解题关键词是carefully，既然是“认真地看”，就不会是in a minute (立刻、马上);既然互不相识，作者也未曾去找过工作，不会是as usual(像往常一样);前面没说已经打量过作者一次了，所以用once again(再一次)是不合理的。所以，答案只能是B.

高考英语完形填空提分的方法

如何做好完形填空题?

如何在这一题型上拿高分?

正确的答题步骤:总的原则：

“先完意，后完形”，

----即先理解作者的主旨大意，

再来选择填空 .

1. 浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;

a..切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读, 浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who，when, where，what。

b. 注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.

2. 分段落实,逐个填空;

a. 先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格.

b. 对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.

3. 通读全文,检查核对.

灵活的解题技巧

1.照应 ，瞻前顾后联系全文。

2. 积累，掌握 固定搭配的用法与同义词

的辨析。

3.分清逻辑关系，注意文中分类、对比、

从属、并列等关系所用的词语。

4.充分利用你的生活常识。

1.照应： 充分利用文章的结构，上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。有时可能是同义词，有时可能是反义词

或者重复

1) Travelling west, you set your clock 7 ; travelling east, you set it ahead… Travelling 15 today becomes yesterday; travelling west it is tomorrow.

7. A. behind B. forward C. back D. ahead

15. A. south B. east C. north D. west

2)(2007北京卷)

It’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful 36 instead of the school uniform .

A. shapes B. dresses C. flowers D. pictures

3)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very _____.

A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous

4)Mrs O’Neil asked_____questions and she didn’t scold us either.

A. no B. certain C. many D. more

5) Miss Brown said, “ May I 17 (correct) a small mistake that you made, Miss Dike? Columbus crossed the 18 in the 15th , not the 16th century. He 19 (discovered) America in 1492. Sir Francis Drake was a great sailor in the 16th century. You 20 (might have crossed) the Atlantic ocean with him.

A. Pacific B. Indian

C. Arctic D. Atlantic

6) I remember as a child I said something 40 about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.” (NMET2005山东)

A. unkind B. unnecessary C. unimportant D. unusual

7) Apparently, although no one wants to be 51 all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy. 2007上海)

A.noisy B.alone C.personal D.sociable

2.积累： 固定搭配包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。

1) They spend millions of dollars yearly __2__ newspapers and magazines…

A. in B. to C. on D.for

2) Tom told what he saw to the man and it wasn’t long ____ the police caught the thief.

3) A. that B.before C. until D. then

4) Later , she had an idea: She would pilot a plane to guide them in ______.(2007全国卷I)

A. sky B. heaven C. flight D. plane

5).2007陕西卷

As the man began to eat his French fries , I

_____ to my feet , went over and said that I was willing to buy another meal for them .

A. came B. struggled C. rushed D. rose

6)Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself____so much money.

A. for B. by C. to D. of

分析: 表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是help oneself to…

积累(注意词语的辨析)

1) To my horror, I saw, ____ my father's shoulder, a gorilla, ……

A. on B. above C. over D. from

2) Give me a hand, he shouted ____ he got near the boat.

A. while B. till C. for D. as

3)(NMET1992)Mrs. Clark was 38 tea at the time.

38. A. cooking B. making C. burning D. serving

分析：从动词与名词的搭配关系角度考虑，“沏茶”用make tea, “上茶”用serve the tea,这是语言使用过程当中约定俗成的习惯用法，所以该题正确答案是B. making，考生也不应受汉语思维习惯的影响而误选A。

4)Soon I heard a_____like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet. (2006北京东城区高考一模)

A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout

分析: 选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D项的三个词都是指从嗓子里发出的声音，而sound则表示各种各样的声音。A。

3.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项。

① (2007天津卷)In fact， Roberta had never acted in her life before the audition (选拔试验).She 20 being in front of other people .--- She stayed mostly to herself , making 23 friends.

20.A. hated B. enjoyed C. appreciated

D. regretted

23.A. few B a few C. several D. many

②It has been many years since I was last in London煟撸撸撸撸逫 still remember something that happened during that visit. (05黄岗模拟)

A. and B. for C. but D. as

4.充分利用生活常识以及相关知识

1)There ,1350 feet above the street, a ____ figure was walking on air.

A. great B. strange C. public D. tiny

2) …, because the earth __2__ twenty-four time zones, one hour apart.

A. gives B. is C. is divided into D. shows

3) …, You ① the international dateline. By agreement, this is the point where a new day ②

① A. cross B. see

C. are on D. are stopped by

② A. is coming B. begins

C. is discovered D. is invented

the international dateline 是“国际日期变更线”，是人们所规定的，看不见，摸不着，但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为A和B

4). (Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_____hospital.

A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest

5) It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their 1 . This was the beginning of another 2 (ordinary) day in New York City.

1. A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices 6)Children often do as well as what adults , particularly parents and teachers , expect of them . That is , tell a child he is “____,” and he may play the role of a foolish child . .(2007重庆卷)

A. wise B. rude C. shy D. stupid

7)And after

高考英语完形填空技巧

消除恐惧心理。大部分学生尤其是英语基础不好的学生在做阅读理解题时都存在恐惧心理。而学生的这种恐惧心理是由于在做高三英语阅读理解题时得分率不高而缺少自信心所造成的。对这些学生，我们所采取的方法是：

1、降低高三英语阅读材料难度，待他们答题的准确率提高后，有了一定的自信心，然后再逐步加大试题难度。

2、在一段时间内要求他们完成一定的阅读任务，但不核对答案，过一个星期或十来天，要求他们重做，再给他们答案，且将所得分数自行登记，可以不告知老师，让他们自我调节，重树信心。

高考英语完形填空快速提分的方法四

1.以break为中心的词组

break away from 脱离，逃离 break down 破坏，粉碎;瓦解;出故障，抛锚 break in 闯进，打断;使顺服 break into 闯入;强行进入;突然开始 break out 爆发，发生;准备使用;起锚 break the law 违反法律 break the record 破记录 break one’s promise 失言 break up 开垦，破碎;解散，分开，分解

2.以catch为中心的词组

be caught doing 被发现做某事 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车 catch a cold 伤风，感冒 catch one’s word 听懂某人的话 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 catch up with 赶上，追及，追上

3.以come为中心的词组

come across 偶尔发现，想起;越过;偿付 come along 一道来，陪伴;进步，进展;出现 come at 达到，求得，得到;扑向，袭击 come back 回来;恢复，复原 come down 倒下;降落;跌落;病倒 come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于 come in 进来，进入;流行起来;获名次 come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成 come into power 开始执政，当权，当选 come into use 开始使用，获得应用 come on 上演;开始;赶快;发展;登台;(问题)被提出 come to know 开始了解到 come out 出来，传出;出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露 come to 苏醒，复原;共计;达到;归结于 come to an end 终止，结束 come true 实现，成为现实;证实 come up 走近;上楼;长出，发芽

4.以do为中心的词组

be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全结束 do a good deed 做一件好事 do away with 去掉，废除;弄死;浪费 do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于 do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于 do its work 有效，有作用 do much 极有用 do wrong to 做错 do one’s best 尽某人最大努力 do one’s homework 做作业 do one’s utmost 尽力而为 do proud 足以使~~骄傲 do sb. justice 公平对待某人 do some cleaning (V+ing,etc.) 搞卫生 do sb. a favor 帮助某人 do well in 学得不错，干得漂亮 do with 和~~相处，忍受，处理 do without 不需要，不用 do wonders 创造奇迹 have much to do with 和~~很有关系 have nothing to do with 与~~无关 have something to do with 和~~有关 in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下 That will do. 行了;够了

抓住首句,预测全文

完形填空所选短文多没有标题,但一般首句是一个不设空(或较简单)的完整的句子,往往用以点明短文的体裁,如议论、说明或叙述等。因此,我们在解题时一定要注意以首句的时态、语态及表述方式为立足点来进行逻辑思维,判断文章体裁,找出文章中心。

避难就易,节省时间

在解题过程中,我们应该遵循“先易后难”的原则,遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前。为了不影响做题速度,我们可以暂时跳过难点,去解决那些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接具体的问题。或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或明确的表示,或许一个在前面不能解的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。一般说来,固定词组、习惯搭配、常见句型及明显的语法结构等易于判断。

捕捉题眼,寻找契机

所谓“题眼”,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语境。捕捉题眼,就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系——那些表示因果、递进、转折、指代等意义的连接词及动词、形容词、副词、同位语等,还有那些明确具体的事实(如时间、地点、人物、形状、色彩、顺序),以及它们之间的关系等。