高中英语必修三的知识点

2020-07-091930

高中英语必修三的知识1

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

1.scenery n. 景色;风景

Sometimes they just drive slowly down the lane enjoying the scenery.

有时他们只是沿着小路慢慢地开车，欣赏两旁的风景。

2. surround vt. &vi. 包围;围绕

Jill was sitting on the floor surrounded by boxes.

吉尔坐在地板上，周围摆满了箱子。

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(1)be surrounded by/with... 周围环绕着……;被……包围

surround oneself with 和……在一起;与……为伍

(2)surrounding adj. (作定语)周围的;附近的

surroundings n. 周围的事物(或情况);环境

3. measure vi. &vt. 测量;衡量;判定 n. 计量制;计量单位;措施

The government has taken measures to help the unemployed to find jobs again.

政府已经采取措施来帮助失业者重新就业。

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take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事

take one's measure 量某人的尺寸

to one's measure 按照某人的尺寸

4.aboard prep.&adv. 在船、飞机、火车或公共汽车上

All the passengers have gone aboard the plane.

所有的乘客都已登机了。

The man with broad shoulders boarded the plane to travel abroad and he only took daily necessaries aboard.

这位肩膀宽阔的人登机去国外旅游，他只携带日常用品上飞机。

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go aboard 上船/飞机/火车

5.within prep. 在……之内

Do what's within your power!

尽力而为!

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within one's reach 触手可及

within one's power 力所能及

within the limit of 在……范围内

6. mix vt.&vi. 混合;调配

I always mix him up with his brother.They look so much alike.

我总是把他和他的弟弟弄混了。他们长得太像了。

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(1)mix...with... 把……与……混合起来

mix up 弄乱;弄错;使……充分混合

be/get mixed up with... 与……交往;与……厮混

(2)mixed adj. 混合的

mixture n. 混合(物);混合状态

7. confirm vt. 证实;证明;批准

It has been confirmed that the singer will give a performance next week.

已经确定这位歌唱家下周演出。

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confirm sb in sth 使某人确信某事

confirm sth/that... 证实;进一步确定……

It has been confirmed that... 已经确定……

8.terrify vt. 使恐怖;恐吓

The dog rushing out from the house terrified me.

从屋里窜出的那条狗把我吓了一跳。

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(1)terrify sb into doing sth 威胁某人干某事

be terrified of 害怕

(2)terrifying adj. 可怕的;令人恐怖的

terrified adj. 恐惧的;受惊吓的

9.pleased adj. 欣喜的;高兴的;愉快的

We are very pleased with her decision.

我们对她的决定很满意。

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修饰人，说明被修饰者的心理感受时，常用下列词的-ed形式：excite，move，tire，bore，frighten，surprise，astonish，shock，annoy，worry，please，satisfy，disappoint，puzzle，interest等。

10. impress vt. 使印象深刻;使铭记

We were deeply impressed with the beauty of the West Lake.

西湖的美给我们留下了深刻的印象。

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(1)impress sb with sth = impress sth on sb 给某人留下……印象

be impressed by/at/with sth 对……印象深刻

be impressed on sb/one's mind/memory 使某人印象深刻

(2)impression n. 印象

impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的;感人的

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

1. settle down 定居;平静下来;专心于

I must settle down this morning and finish the term paper.

我今天上午必须安下心来完成学期论文。

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settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真对待某事物;定下心来做某事

2. manage to do 设法做

He managed to get a few tickets for the Olympic Games.

他设法弄到了几张奥运会的门票。

3. catch sight of 看见;瞥见

Catching sight of his headteacher，the boy ran away.

看到班主任后，那个男孩跑开了。

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lose sight of 看不见，消失

out of sight 看不见

within/in sight 在视野内，看得见

4. have a gift for 对……有天赋

He has a gift for painting.

他有绘画方面的天分。

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be gifted in/at 在……方面有天赋

have a talent/genius for 有……禀赋;有……方面的才能

5. in the distance 在远处

We heard gunfire in the distance.

我们听见了远处的炮声。

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from/at a distance 隔一段距离;从远处

at a distance of... 在……远处

keep sb at a distance 避免与某人太亲近

6.as far as 远到……;就……而言

After dinner we often walk as far as the bank of the river.

晚饭后我们常常散步远到那条河边。

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as far as I know 据我所知

as far as I can remember/see/tell... 据我所能记得的/看到的/判断……

as far as I am concerned 就我而言

高中英语必修三的知识2

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

1.diet n.日常饮食　vi. 节食

Lisa always seems to be on a diet.

丽莎似乎总是在节食。

No sugar in my coffee，please. I'm dieting.

请不要给我的咖啡放糖，我在节食。

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be/go on a diet用 规定的食谱;节食

put sb on a diet 限制某人饮食

keep a healthy/balanced diet 保持健康的/平衡的饮食

2. balance vt. 平衡;权衡　 n.天平;平衡

He balanced the advantages against the disadvantages.

他权衡利弊。

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(1)keep one's balance 保持平衡

lose one's balance 失去平衡

out of balance 不平衡

balance A against B 在A与B之间权衡

(2)balanced adj.平稳的，安定的，和谐的

balanced diet 平衡膳食

3.curiosity n.好奇心

She decided to follow him out of curiosity.

出于好奇，她决定跟踪他。

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(1)out of/from curiosity 在好奇心驱使下;出于好奇

with curiosity 好奇地

satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心

(2)curious adj. 好奇的;奇特的

curiously adv. 好奇地

4.lie n.谎话;谎言　vi. 说谎

He promised his mother never to lie to her again.

他答应他母亲再也不向她撒谎了。

He lay on the grass thinking about the big lie.

他躺在草地上想着那个弥天大谎。

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a white lie 善意的谎言

tell a lie/tell lies 说谎

5.discount n.折扣

In this shop，everything is sold at a discount.

在这家商店，所有的东西都打折销售。

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at a discount 打折扣

at a discount of...=at a ... discount 打……的折扣

give/allow/make a discount (on) 打折

6. strength n.强项;长处;力量

He is a man of great strength.

他是个力大无穷的人。

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strengthen vt. 增强;加强

7. consult vt. 咨询;请教;商量

I consulted with a friend of mine about it.

我为此事跟朋友商量过。

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consult sb about sth 向某人咨询某事

consult with sb (about/on sth) (就某事)与某人商量

8. glare vi. 怒目而视;闪耀　 n.怒视;眩目的光

They stood there，glaring at each other.

他们站在那里，怒视着对方。

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glare at 瞪视;怒目而视

give sb a glare 对某人怒目而视

9. limit vt. 限制;限定　 n.界限;限度

He limited each person to one cup of tea.

他限制每人只喝一杯茶。

We set a limit to the expense of the trip.

我们规定了这次旅游的费用。

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(1)put/set a limit on/to... 对……限制

within the limits of... 在……的范围内

without limits 无限(制)地

be limited to...受限制于……

limit...to... 把……限定在……的范围内

(2)limitless adj. 无限制的

limited adj. 有限的

10. benefit n.利益;好处　vt.&vi. 有益于;有助于;受益

I'm sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.

我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。

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(1)for the benefit of 为……;为……的利益

be of benefit to 对……有益

benefit sb 对某人有益

benefit from/by... 从……受益;得益于

(2)beneficial adj. 有利的;有益的;受益的

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

1.lose weight 体重减轻;减肥

put on weight增加体重

Because there is not enough food，they are losing weight.

因为没有足够的食物，他们的体重在减轻。

2.get away with 被放过;(做坏事)不受惩罚

If you cheat in the exam，you'll never get away with it.

如果你在考试中作弊，你会受到惩罚的。

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get down to (doing) sth 开始认真做某事

get along/on with 与……相处;进展

get through 通过;接通(电话);完成，做完

get over 克服

3.win...back 赢回;重新获得

Once you break your promise，you will never win back her trust again.

你一旦违背诺言将永远不会再赢回她的信任。

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win through 终获成功，摆脱困境

4.earn one's living 谋生

Her dream was to earn her living as a singer.

她梦想靠当歌手来谋生。

5.cut down 削减;删节

You should cut down what you wrote in your paper.

你应该把你的论文内容删减一下。

6.ought to 应该

You ought to work harder than your brother.

你应该比你哥哥学习更努力。

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ought to的否定形式为ought not to(oughtn't to);一般疑问形式是将ought提至句首，其否定答语通常用don't have to或needn't。

高中英语必修三的知识3

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

1.harmful adj. 有害的

It's harmful to your eyes to read books in the bus.

在公共汽车上看书对你的眼睛有害。

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(1)be harmful to... 对……有害

(2)harmless adj. 无害的

harm n. 损害;伤害 v. 对……有害;伤害;损害

2.exist vi. 存在;生存

Nothing exists on the moon as there is no water and no air.

月球上没有东西生存，因为那里没有水和空气。

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(1)exist in 存在于

exist on 靠……生存

There exist(s)/existed... 某地有/存在……

(2)existence n. 存在;生存

3.puzzle n. 谜;难题　vt.&vi. (使)迷惑;(使)为难

The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling math problem.

她困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考那个令人困惑的数学问题。

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(1)be in a puzzle 感到困惑;不知如何是好

puzzle about/over 冥思苦想;苦苦思索

(2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的

puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的

4.pull n. &vt. 拉(力);拖;牵引力

She pulled his sleeve to get his attention.

她拉拉他的袖子以引起他的注意。

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pull down 摧毁、推翻、拆除

pull in 进站停靠;驶向路边(或某处)停靠

pull out 离站;(使)摆脱困境

pull through 恢复健康;渡过危机

5.mass n. 质量;团;块;大量;(复)群众

I have masses of work to do.

我有大量工作要做。

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

1.in time 及时;终于

Lucky for him，he was just in time for the bus.

幸运的是，他及时赶上了公共汽车。

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on time 准时;按时

at a time 一次;每次

at one time 曾经;一度;同时

at times 有时;偶尔

at no time 决不

in no time 马上;立刻

2.give birth to 产生;分娩

To our great joy，my sister-in-law gave birth to a baby boy.

使我们大为高兴的是，我嫂子生了个男孩。

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at birth 出生时

by birth 天生地;生来;在血统上

3.in one's turn 轮到某人;接着

When it was in my turn，I was too excited to speak.

当轮到我时，我激动地都说不出话来了。

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in turn 依次;轮流;因此;因而

by turns 轮流;依次

take turns to do sth/in doing sth 轮流做某事

It is sb 's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事

4.prevent...(from) 阻止;制止

No one can prevent me(from) going there.

没有人能够阻止我去那儿。

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(1)protect...from/against... 保护……不受……侵袭

(2)同义词：stop...(from) doing...;keep...from doing...

5.cheer up 感到高兴;感到振奋

I wrote that song just to cheer myself up.

我写那首歌只是为了让自己高兴。

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cheer sb on 为某人加油

6.now that 既然

Now that everyone is here，let's begin our meeting.

既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始开会吧。

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引导原因状语从句的连词：now that，since，because，as，considering (that)，in that等。

7.break out 突发;爆发

Something unexpected always breaks out in this area.

在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。

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break up 解散;打碎

break away from... 脱离……

break down 打破;坍塌;(精神、身体)垮掉

break in 进入;插话

break into 强行进入(某处);突然开始(大笑、欢呼等)

8.watch out 密切注视;当心;提防

You should watch out for John，who often makes fun of others.你应该提防约翰，他经常取笑别人。

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watch over 照看;看守

look out 注意，当心

take care 注意，当心

be careful 注意，当心

高中英语必修三的知识4

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

1. scene n.(戏剧)一场;现场;场面;景色

When he came on the scene，everything came to an end.

当他到场时，一切都结束了。

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behind the scenes 在幕后;在后台

on the scene 在现场，当场

appear/come on the scene 到场;出现

2. permit vt.&vi.许可;允许;准许 n.通行证;许可证;执照

They are not permitted to go there with their father.

他们没有被允许和父亲一起去那儿。

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(1)permit doing sth 允许做某事

permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事

permit sb sth 允许某人某事

(2)permission n.允许;准许;许可

3.ahead adv. 在前;向前;提前

I have a very busy day ahead of me.

摆在我面前的是忙碌的一天。

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look ahead 向前看;展望未来

ahead of 在……前面;领先

ahead of time 提前

4.fault n.过错;缺点;故障

He is always finding fault with my work.

他总是对我的工作百般挑剔。

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find fault with... 挑剔;对……吹毛求疵

at fault 有错;有责任

5. spot vt. 发现;认出 n.斑点;污点;地点

Neighbours spotted smoke coming out of the house.

邻居们发现有烟从这所房子里冒出来。

He bought the car on the spot.

他当场就买下了那辆汽车。

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spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在干某事

on the spot当场;在现场;到现场

6. account vi.& vt.认为;说明;总计有 n.说明;理由;计算;账目

The police asked him to give a brief account of what had happened.

警察让他简要说明一下发生的情况。

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on account of 由于，因为

on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)

take...into account/take account of 考虑到，体谅，顾及

7.seek vt.&vi.(sought，sought) 寻找;探索;寻求

I am always seeking to improve my teaching method.

我一直设法改进我的教学方法。

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seek after/for 寻找;寻求;追求

seek help/advice/assistance 请求帮助/征求意见/请求援助

seek out 找出;搜出

seek to do sth (相当于try to do sth) 打算/试图做某事

8. contrary n.反面;对立面　adj. 相反的;相违的

His opinion is contrary to mine.

他的看法与我的看法相反。

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be contrary to 与……相反;相违背

9.amount n.数量　vi. 合计;共计;接近

People in disaster areas have had a large amount of help from people all over the world.

灾区人民得到了全世界人们的大量帮助。

The cost amounted to ￡250.

费用共达250英镑。

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a(large/small) amount of+n.[U](谓语动词用单数)

(large/small) amounts of+n.[U](谓语动词用复数)

amount to... 共达……;合计……

10.manner n.礼貌;举止;方式

He was walking in a rather unnatural manner.

他走路的样子很不自然。

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in a...manner 以……的方式

it is bad/good manners to do sth 做某事没有/有礼貌

注意：当manner意为“方式;方法;举止;态度”时常用单数形式;当它意为“礼貌，礼仪;习俗”时常用复数形式。

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

1. bring up 抚养;培养;教育;提出

His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting.

他的新建议在会上被提出来了。

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bring about 引起;导致;造成

bring down 使(飞机)降落;使倒下;降低;减少

bring in 带进来;赚得;有收入

bring out 取出;说出;阐明;出版

2. by accident 偶然;无意中;不小心

I ran into an old friend in the street by accident.

我在街上偶然碰见一位老朋友。

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(1)同义词：by chance

(2)反义词：on purpose/by design有意地

(3)by no accident 绝非偶然

by mistake 错误地

3. go ahead 前进;(用于祈使句)可以;往下说

Go ahead! We are all listening to you carefully.

往下说!我们都在认真听你说。

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go by 经过;时间流逝

go against 违背

go through 浏览;翻阅;遭受;用完;仔细检查

go over 复习;检查

go on 发生，继续下去

4. stare at 盯着看;凝视

Everyone in the room turned to stare at her.

屋里的每个人都转过来盯她。

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stare sb down/out 盯得人局促不安

stare sb into silence 用眼睛瞪得某人哑口无言

stare sb up and down 上下打量某人

5. account for 导致;做出解释

He couldn't account for being absent from the meeting.

他不能对缺席会议做出解释。

6. on the contrary 与此相反;正相反

My grandma is not sick;on the contrary，she's in very good condition.

我奶奶没有生病;与此相反，她健康极了。

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to the contrary 有相反情况，相反的(地)

7. take a chance 冒险

He is just taking a chance to walk on such a thin rope.

他在这么细的绳子上走，完全是在冒险。

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have a chance to do sth 有机会干某事

8.as for 关于;至于

As for me，I shall not return there either.

至于我，我也不会回到那儿去。

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as to 至于，关于，就……而论

in/with regard to 至于，关于

高中英语必修三的知识5

Ⅰ. 常考单词必背

1.celebration n.庆祝;祝贺

They held a special celebration in his honour.

他们为他举行了一次特殊的庆祝活动。

[快速闪记]

in celebration of 为……举行庆祝活动

celebrate v.庆祝

2. starve vi.&vt.(使)饿死;饿得要死

Millions of people starved to death during the war.

战争中数以百万计的人挨饿至死。

[快速闪记]

(1)starve for sth 极需要……;渴望

starve to do sth 渴望去做……

starve to death 饿死

(2)starvation n.挨饿;饿死

3. trick n.诡计;恶作剧;窍门　vt. 欺骗;诈骗

A clever lawyer should be able to trick the prisoner into an admission of guilt.

聪明的律师应能诱使罪犯认罪。

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trick sb into (doing) sth 诱使某人做某事

trick sb out of sth 从某人处骗取……

4. award n.奖;奖品　vt. 授予;判定

He won the first awards of many English contests.

他获得过许多英语比赛的一等奖。

The school awarded Mary a prize for her good work.

学校因为玛丽的出色表现而奖励了她。

5. admire vt. 赞美;钦佩;羡慕

I admire him for his success in business.

我钦佩他事业有成。

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admire sb for sth/in sth 钦佩某人的某些方面

admiration n.钦佩;赞赏

6. permission n.许可;允许

Who gave you permission to leave class early?

谁准许你提前离开课堂的?

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(1)with one's permission 经某人允许

without permission 未经允许

ask sb for permission 请求某人准许

give sb permission to do sth 允许某人做某事

(2)permit vt.&vi.允许;许可;容许 n.执照;许可证

7. apologize vi. 道歉;辩白

I must apologize for disturbing you like this.

非常抱歉，打扰你了。

8.remind vt. 提醒;使想起

Remind me to get up early.

提醒我早点起床。

He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.

亏他提醒我，要不然我就忘了。

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remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事，使想起

remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事

remind sb that... 使某人想起……;提醒某人……

9.forgive vt.(forgave，forgiven) 原谅;饶恕

She never forgave him for losing her ring.

她从没原谅他弄丢了她的戒指。

Ⅱ. 高频短语必会

1.take place发生

Great changes have taken place in China in the last few years.

过去的几年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。

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take the place of... 代替……

take one's place 代替某人;就座

take (the) first place 居首位，得第一

2.in memory of 纪念;追念

A film will be made in memory of those brave firefighters.

为了纪念那些勇敢的消防战士，一部电影即将开拍。

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in honour of 为纪念……

in terms of 就……而言

in need of 需要

in case of 万一

in charge of 负责掌管

in search of 寻找

3.dress up 盛装;打扮;装饰

They tried to dress him up as a “national hero”.

他们想把他打扮成一个“民族英雄”。

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dress sb/oneself 给……穿衣服

be/get dressed in... 穿着……的衣服

4.play a trick/tricks on 搞恶作剧;诈骗;开玩笑

The boys hid Jon's bike to play a trick on him.

孩子们把乔恩的自行车藏起来捉弄他。

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play a joke on sb 取笑某人

make a fool of 愚弄;欺骗

5.look forward to 期望;期待;盼望

We are looking forward to seeing each other soon.

我们期盼着不久再次见面。

6.as though 好像，引导方式状语从句

It looks as though our team is going to win.

看来我们队有赢的可能。

He talks as though he knew about it.

他说话的口气好像他知道这事。

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(1)as though相当于as if，引导的从句中常用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词与现在事实相反，用一般过去时态，be动词用were;与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。

(2)as though/as if 后面的从句也用陈述语气，这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能是真实的。

7.have fun with 玩得开心

I had fun with my friends at the party.

我和朋友们在晚会上玩得很开心。

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for fun/in fun 取乐;闹着玩

be full of fun 很好玩;极有趣

8.keep one's word 守信用;履行诺言

You promised to take the children camping，so you must keep your word.

你答应过要带孩子们去野营，所以你必须遵守诺言。

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break one's word/promise 失信

have a word with sb 与某人谈话

9.hold one's breath 屏息;屏气

We'll let you know if there's any work for you，but don't hold your breath.

要是有工作适合你，我们会告诉你，但是不要抱太大希望。

10.set off 出发;动身;使爆炸

They set off in search of the lost child.

他们出发去寻找失踪的孩子。

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set up 建立;创立

set down 写下;记下;放下

set aside 保留;抛弃;放在一边

set about 着手;开始(跟名词或动名词)